![]() ![]() Study participants were recruited in March 2015 using both convenience and purposive sampling approaches such as recruitment letters or information sheets. Workers with previously diagnosed skin cancer were excluded. 26 Inclusion criteria were: mostly working outdoors, especially during spring and summer, and aged ≥18. We conducted guided, problem‐centered interviews. In this paper, we will report the results of guided, problem‐centered qualitative interviews with outdoor workers. ![]() ![]() Our study thus aims to investigate the perceived skin cancer risk and attitudes to sun‐protective measures of outdoor workers in Germany. 23, 24 Studies delivering an in‐depth insight into the multifaceted aspects of UVR protection behavior of outdoor workers are rare: Zink et al 25 for example explored knowledge about NMSC and attitudes toward sun‐protective measures in a sample of Bavarian farmers via semi‐structured interviews. Qualitative research methods serve to generate a deeper understanding of complex psychological or social issues and, therefore, present an adequate choice in this context. 21, 22 Yet, these aspects are difficult to address with quantitative approaches. 21 In this regard, the perceived risk awareness must also be taken into account as an influencing factor. 19, 20 This is of utmost importance since these may have a major influence on the health‐related behavior and behavioral change, respectively. 18 When developing health‐related interventions to initiate behavior change, the attitudes and beliefs of target groups as well as perceived barriers (for instance, lack of time to apply sunscreen) need to be taken into consideration. Therefore, the development of effective, target group‐oriented interventions to encourage sun‐protection behavior in the workplace of outdoor workers is of particular relevance. While this requires appropriate use of personal sun‐protective measures (eg, wearing long‐sleeved shirts and trousers, wearing a hat with additional neck protection, and applying sunscreen), various studies suggest, however, as with the technical and organizational measures, the sun protection behavior of outdoor workers does not comply with these recommendations. Unfortunately, these measures are of little acceptance and often impractical, and, therefore, do not achieve an appropriate reduction of the UVR exposure. 14, 15įollowing the recommendations of the International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection, 16 reducing UVR exposure by using technical and organizational sun‐protective measures, such as adjusting outdoor working hours or seeking shade whenever possible, are the most important measures in order to prevent NMSC. 6, 7, 12, 13 The recognition of NMSC as occupational disease sets a strong incentive for the German Statutory Social Accident Insurance bodies for effective strategies to prevent NMSC geared at reducing UVR exposure. 5103 by the German Social Accident Insurance. 8, 9, 10, 11 Since January 2015, “ squamous cell carcinoma or multiple actinic keratosis of the skin caused by natural UV irradiation” is recognized as occupational disease no. 5, 6, 7 Due to their profession, outdoor workers are at increased risk for developing basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma compared to indoor workers or the general population. 5 In Germany, between 2 and 3 million employees work outdoors for a major part of their working hours-up to 75% of their working time. There are about 14.5 million outdoor workers in Europe. ![]() 2, 3 Already in 1992, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified artificial and natural UV radiation as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). 2 The most important external risk factor for developing NMSC is exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). 1 Annually, there are between 2 and 3 million new cases of NMSC on a global scale. 1 NMSC is by far the most common type of cancer worldwide. If the F5 key does not work on a Mac, please activate the F-keys in the control panel under the category Keyboard.The increasing number of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and melanoma makes skin cancer an important public health issue. Lenovo) does not respond, here are the appropriate tips: Link1 or Link2 What to do if the F4/F5 key does not respond? These can be played on Windows if Olympus DSS Player Pro / ODMS is installed at the same time. ).Īll file formats that can be played on your computer without additional programs are usable. The software helps with manual typing in the many cases where speech recognition does not make sense (interviews, group discussions, lectures. No, speech recognition is not available (yet). Is speech recognition implemented in f4transkript? On which operating systems is f4transkript executable?į4transcript runs on Windows 7 and higher and on various Linux distributions - The Mac version is called f5transkript and runs on Mac OS X 10.7 and higher. ![]()
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